Knowing The Basics

Definition of Fitness (1)
Exercise scientists have identified nine elements that comprise the definition of fitness. The following lists each of the nine elements and an example of how they are used:-

• Strength - the extent to which muscles can exert force by contracting against resistance (holding or restraining an object or person)
• Power - the ability to exert maximum muscular contraction instantly in an explosive burst of movements (Jumping or sprint starting)
• Agility - the ability to perform a series of explosive power movements in rapid succession in opposing directions (ZigZag running or cutting movements)
• Balance - the ability to control the body's position, either stationary (e.g. a handstand) or while moving (e.g. a gymnastics stunt)
• Flexibility - the ability to achieve an extended range of motion without being impeded by excess tissue, i.e. fat or muscle (Executing a leg split)
• Local Muscle Endurance - a single muscle's ability to perform sustained work (Rowing or cycling)
• Cardiovascular Endurance - the heart's ability to deliver blood to working muscles and their ability to use it (Running long distances)
• Strength Endurance - a muscle's ability to perform a maximum contracture time after time (Continuous explosive rebounding through an entire basketball game)
• Co-ordination - the ability to integrate the above listed components so that effective movements are achieved.
Of all the nine elements of fitness cardiac respiratory qualities are the most important to develop as they enhance all the other components of the conditioning equation.

At Head4Health we try to work on all of these elements to make you the best you can be. If you are a sportsperson or athlete it may be necessary to concentrate more on one particular element e.g. cardiovascular endurance for running.

(1)Brian MacKenzie: Sports Coach @ www.brianmac.demon.co.uk